International Price Escalation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Price Escalation - Essay Example The rise in the prices of all these commodities started in the year 2006, when the international markets faced a steep hike in the prices of all the eatables around the globe. This essay shall discuss the concept of price escalation along with its causes and the course to be taken to improve it. Price Escalation According to the definitions given by the economists, the concept of price escalation refers, more or less, to the concept of inflation in the economy. It is defined as the tendency and ability of prices to reach the supernormal heights when the products are being marketed. Taking this concept further, international price escalation occurs when the goods are particularly being marketed internationally. The companies, due to the affects of escalation, the companies normally engage their activities and resources in re positioning and establishing their brand overseas (ECLAC, 2006, Online). The major causes that contribute to such price hikes include import duties, trade barrier s, added transport, warehousing and freight costs, insurance, international lawyer’ charges, and other necessary charges. Causes There are various causes for the price escalation of the commodities on international level. There may be many imbalances between the demand and supply side of the products and services which causes prices to rise globally without any assurance of coming down \again. More clearly, these causes include: Structural Factors The structural causes of the global price hike include: Rise in the cost of production The implication of the price rise is possible due to the fact that the oil resources are decreasing and getting scarcer with the passage of time. The consumption patterns have been shifting and though, the newer technology is deployed to increase the efficiency but the economic crunch and recession has brought further obstacles. This, in turn, has impacted the prices of food and other bi-products of oil to increase thus, giving shocks to the price s of the related products (Dessus & Hoyos, 2008, Pp. 201). Change in consumption patterns in various countries and sustained rapid growth One of the major reasons for the international price escalation is the change in consumption patterns and trends of the population in various countries. The growing economies such as India and china account for the changing consumption trends of various products. One of the contributing factors to this structural spiral is the continuous expansion and thus, growing demands for the foods and services in various countries (Dawe, 2008, Online). Moreover, the translation of growing economies has increased the per capita income of the consumers, and so they are capable enough to improve their standards of living. This has helped push up the demand of the consumption baskets with higher rates (Dasgupta & Serageldin, 2000, Pp. 111). Temporary Factors The temporary factors accounting for such price escalation include the following: Natural disasters and p oor weather The world has experienced bad weather, natural disasters and other avalanches which results into the inevitable damage of the natural products. These adverse events have resulted into an extreme rise in the prices of natural products such as wheat, rice, cotton and other crops (Temple & Johnson, 1998,

Civil Liberties Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Civil Liberties - Research Paper Example In addition, the amendment also protects citizens from the use of evidence against them, which may have been acquired through unlawful means. Since the enactment of the fourth amendment, the United States citizens cannot to be subjected to unlawful acts by the law enforcement officers (Woody, 2006). The Fifth Amendment states that only an indictment by the Grand Jury can detain people when found to have committed capital offences. The only exception to this rule comes in handy when there is a case of civil emergency or war. Under the Fifth Amendment also, an accused person cannot be forced to testify against himself in a court of law by the government. This amendment has a clause that also prohibits the government from engaging in confiscation of property belonging to citizens, facilitating the detention of people, or even facilitating their execution when the process is not followed. The impact of this amendment is that it has ensured that citizens can be prosecuted only by the cour ts. No other entity, except the court, has the ultimate right to prosecute a person without any adherence to the judicial process. As a result, offenders have been accorded their rights since there is no violation of the court procedure (Woody, 2006). According to the Sixth Amendment, accused persons have the right to be tried in a speedy manner, which will avoid delays in the trial process. In addition, the amendment stresses the need for having a jury that is not partial conducting the trial. Moreover, the accused has the right to know what has caused his or her accusation, as well as the nature of the accusation to which he is subjected by the jury. This amendment has had an impact on the trial process; as it has ensured that accused persons have the right to access the services of a Counsel during their defense. In addition, this amendment has ensured that trail takes place in a speedy manner and that accused persons can be tried publicly. The Sixth Amendment has also ensured th at the jury to try the accused is impartial and does not pass judgment that is biased; the accused can also know the charges, which are pending (Vile, 2010). Under the Eighth Amendment, the constitution of the US states that there should be no application of excessive bail and suspects should not be given punishments that can be regarded as unusual, and the fines imposed on the accused should not be excessive. The impact of this amendment is that it has ensured there is no severe punishment on the accused. This amendment has also limited amount of fines, which can be imposed on the accused persons (Vile, 2010). The 14th Amendment states that for a person to qualify as a United States Citizen, he or she should be born and naturalized in the America. In addition, such a person should be under the United States jurisdiction. The impact of this amendment is that it has protected the citizens from unlawful denial of their rights by their respective states (Lee, 2011). Due process refers to the reasons for enforcing laws, as well as the process followed when enforcing these laws. In the United States, due process tends to be applicable to corporations and United States citizens. There are several due process rights contained in the United States constitution. These rights include the right to personal privacy, right to life right to liberty, as well as right to own property. Procedural due process